face="Times New Roman Star"qajry 1, dial. qajyz 1; qajyzla- 4
face="Times New Roman Star"qazg|o|q 3
face="Times New Roman Star"qazdyq 1
face="Times New Roman Star"xastyryx 1
face="Times New Roman Star"xujúr 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qatyryk 1; xasta:- 'to skin'
face="Times New Roman Star"kasta:- 'to skin'
face="Times New Roman Star"qazyryq 2, qazy- 4
face="Times New Roman Star"qa's- 5
face="Times New Roman Star"qajyzg|aq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"qajyzg|aq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"qajry, dial. qajyd| 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qajyzg|aq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 218, 243, EDT 608, 665, ÝÑÒß 5, 211-212, 328, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 352, Ëåêñèêà 107. The original form here is *Kar/; a suffixed form was *Kar/dy(r/), later simplified to *Kadyr/. This can be clearly seen from forms like SUygh. and Khak. Another possible explanation could be an early dissimilation (*Kar/-yr/ > *Kadyr/ = *Kad|yr/, or already after the zetacism, *Kazyz > *Kad|yz). There is some confusion between *Kar/ and *Kas, *Kasuk in Old Turkic, but MK definitely spells the word as qaz.
face="Times New Roman Star"tamar, tamyr 1 (OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"tamur (MK, KB), tamar (MK-Oghuz) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"damar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tamyr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tamur 1, 2 (Sangl., Abush., MA)
face="Times New Roman Star"to|mir 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tomur, temir 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tamyr 1
face="Times New Roman Star"damar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"damar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tamyr 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tamyr 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tymar 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tymyr 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tymyr 1
face="Times New Roman Star"damyr 1
face="Times New Roman Star"damyr 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tamyr 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tamyr 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tamyr 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tamyr 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tamyr 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"damar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tamur 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tamyr 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tamyr 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tamur 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 460, EDT 508, ÝÑÒß 3, 143-144, Ëåêñèêà 107-108, 264-265, Stachowski 238. There are also some forms with -o-: Oyr. tomur- 'to uproot', Kirgh. tomor 'name of a plant, from the root of which dye is produced', Kaz. tomar id., KKalp. tomar 'root' - possibly contaminations with *Tomar 'block, log' (v. sub *t`ome).
face="Times New Roman Star"tekirme, tekirmi (Pav. C.)
face="Times New Roman Star"tu.garak
face="Times New Roman Star"du"gla"k
face="Times New Roman Star"doGyr
face="Times New Roman Star"da"jirmi
face="Times New Roman Star"tegelek, toGalaq
face="Times New Roman Star"tog|ylax
face="Times New Roman Star"tog|alaq
face="Times New Roman Star"tog|oloq
face="Times New Roman Star"t@w|g@w|r 'mirror'
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"o"rem (poet.) 'round', tier- 'to turn round'
face="Times New Roman Star"tier- 'to turn round'
face="Times New Roman Star"to"gerik
face="Times New Roman Star"to":rej
face="Times New Roman Star"tegerek
face="Times New Roman Star"to"gerek
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n|a"ra"k
face="Times New Roman Star"to"gerek
face="Times New Roman Star"togerek
face="Times New Roman Star"do"n|gelek
face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 3, 176-179, 281-282, Stachowski 222, 227. One of several expressive common Turkic roots meaning 'round' and displaying phonetic irregularities. Some modern Turkic forms (not listed above) are probably borrowed from Mongolian: cf., in particular, Yak. to"gu":r, to"gu"ru"k, Dolg. to"gu"ru"k ( > Evk. tug|uruk). Cf. also Ëåêñèêà 400 (with forms reflecting PT *teker). Bulg. > Hung. tu"ko"r 'mirror', see MNyTESz 3, 1010.
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 (MK, KB), du"n, tu"n 'night, dark' (IM)
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1, du"n 2
face="Times New Roman Star"to"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 (Abush.), 'dark' (Sangl.)
face="Times New Roman Star"tun 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tune, tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"du"na"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1, du":n 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1, 'dark'
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu":n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu":n
face="Times New Roman Star"du"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"du"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tun 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"to"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"du"n 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tun, tu"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 505, EDT 513, ÝÑÒß 3, 315-316, Ëåêñèêà 81, Stachowski 236. Cf. also Yak. tu"n| 'dark, darkness' (< *tu"n-Vk). The variant *du":n, reflected in some languages, is obviously due to a secondary influence of *du":l/ 'dream' (v. sub *t`u:l/ke), as well as the archaic compound *tu"-gu"n 'yesterday' (*'that day'), preserved in: Tur. dial. du"hu"n, SUygh. tugyn, Tuva, Tof. du":n.
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 489, VEWT 457, ÝÑÒß 3, 130-131, Ëåêñèêà 125-126, Stachowski 216. Turkm. tal (with irregular t-) may be a loan from Kypchak: there seems to be no reason to postulate two different roots for PT.
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 516, TMN 2, 47, EDT 214-5, ÝÑÒß 1, 604-606, Ëåêñèêà 115-116, 307, 323-324, Stachowski 246. Deriving the word from *ur- 'beat, hit' (VEWT) is of course incorrect. Some forms reflect a variant form *uru-lyk. Turk. > Mong. urug| (see TMN 2, 51, Ùåðáàê 1997, 162).
face="Times New Roman Star"1 smoke 2 soot, dirty smoke 3 scent, odour 4 fumes
face="Times New Roman Star"1 äûì 2 êîïîòü, ñàæà 3 çàïàõ, àðîìàò 4 èñïàðåíèÿ
face="Times New Roman Star"is 2
face="Times New Roman Star"is 3
face="Times New Roman Star"is 1
face="Times New Roman Star"his 2
face="Times New Roman Star"y:s 3
face="Times New Roman Star"jús 3
face="Times New Roman Star"y:s 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"y:s 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"is 4
face="Times New Roman Star"ijis 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ijis 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 379, Åãîðîâ 76, Stachowski 263. The original meaning must have been 'smell, odour', see notes to *y:l/(c?) (cf. the opposition ys 'soot' - ijis 'smell' in Nogai etc.).
face="Times New Roman Star"1 smoke 2 soot, dirty smoke 3 scent, odour 4 fumes
face="Times New Roman Star"1 äûì 2 êîïîòü, ñàæà 3 çàïàõ, àðîìàò 4 èñïàðåíèÿ
face="Times New Roman Star"ys? 2 (MK), 'mist' (KB)
face="Times New Roman Star"ys 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ys 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ys? 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"y:s 4
face="Times New Roman Star"ys? 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ys? 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ys 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ys 2
face="Times New Roman Star"The root originally meant 'soot, smoke' and should be strictly kept distinct from PT *jyd- 'smell' and *yjs 'smell, odour, fumes', although they have a natural tendency to merge. See VEWT 167, 170, EDT 254, 883, ÝÑÒß 1, 379-382, Ëåêñèêà 370-371.
face="Times New Roman Star"din|le-, tyn|la- 1 (Pav. C.)
face="Times New Roman Star"tin|la- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tynna- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"dinla"- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"din|le- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|na- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|da- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?únla- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"dyn|na- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"dyn|na- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|s?a- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|da- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"dinle-, tyn|la- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn|la- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"The verbal stem *dyn|la- is derived from the noun *dyn| (OT tyn|, Turkm. din| 'reason, mind, cleverness'). See VEWT 478, EDT 522, ÝÑÒß 3, 236-237.
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 52, ÝÑÒß 1, 556, 557-558, EDT 39, 62, Åãîðîâ 21, Stachowski 48. The Chuv. form is somewhat aberrant phonetically: it is possible that the actual Chuv. reflex of this root is vit@n- `to ask' - while Chuv. avút- (together with avtan, atan `cock', Tat. a"ta"c? `cock') goes back to a separate PT root *ebt-, possibly going back to PA *ip`i (?-p-,-e) `to say, speak' q. v.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 nose 2 to snuffle 3 beak, snout 4 parched nose (phras.) 5 nose bridge
face="Times New Roman Star"1 íîñ 2 ãíóñàâèòü 3 êëþâ, ìîðäà 4 ïåðåñîõøèé (î íîñå) 5 ïåðåíîñèöà
face="Times New Roman Star"qan|raq `palate' (MK - ÄÒÑ)
face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ryq, qarq 1
face="Times New Roman Star"Gan|s?yravuq 'nasal cavity', Gon|ursa- 'to reek'
face="Times New Roman Star"qan|yryq (Tel.) (R II, 82); qon|yr 5 (R II 521), Tel. (Âåðá.)
face="Times New Roman Star"xan|ynaj- 2; xon|uru:, xan|yry: 5 (Ïåê.)
face="Times New Roman Star"xa:j 3, xa:s? 'nasal', qon|zan| 'crook-nosed'
face="Times New Roman Star"xa:j 1, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"qan|yryq 4, qon|ursu- 'to reek'
face="Times New Roman Star"qan|g|yryq (dial.) 'hard palate'
face="Times New Roman Star"The root is no doubt archaic, although not widely attested. On its modern reflexes see VEWT 232, Ëåêñèêà 215-216 (some of the listed forms are < Mong., but certainly not all.), ÝÑÒß 6, 66.